Thomas
Frank McLeod, 1869-1960
Biographical notes
Able Seaman
Terra Nova
1910 - 13
Able Seaman
Endurance
1914-17
Able Seaman
Quest
1921 - 1922
Thomas McLeod was one of the older and most experienced members of the Endurance crew, having been a sailor for 27 years when enlisted. He had been at sea since he was 14 years old and had already been to the Antarctic with Scott aboard the Terra Nova, and would go on to join Shackleton's Quest expedition also. He was one of the few able seamen to hold two Polar Medals - one from the Terra Nova expedition and one from the Endurance expedition.
"I weighed around 200
lbs when the Endurance sank, and went down to around 100
lbs before being rescued from Elephant Island."
Thomas McLeod
"Were you aware that Thomas
being a good Presbyterian retrieved the bible, presented
to the expedition by Queen Alexandra, when Shackleton threw
it away, because he believed to throw away a Bible was a
bad omen."
Robin Mackenzie- Stornoway Historical
Society
"Some of my shipmates were
down to see me off. What I always thought impossible happened.
Old McLeod, one of the most hard-boiled sailors I ever ran
across, started to blubber like a baby when I bade him goodbye."
William Bakewell - 1916
"a typical old deep-sea salt
and growler"
Shackleton
Bakewell and McLeod lived out the later years of their lives quite near to each other in Canada, though neither was ever aware of it.
Biography
The usual description of the arrival in the world of Thomas McLeod (or MacLeod) is that he was born at Stornoway on the Isle of Lewis, Outer Hebrides, Scotland, the son of a draper, John and Mary, the second eldest of four sons.
However the real story seems to be rather different to this - this communication and information arrived courtesy of Robin Mackenzie of the Stornoway Historical Society to whom I am indebted for his contribution to this page:
The truth of him retrieving the Bible is well known but the Society has traced its whereabouts since the rescue from Elephant Island. See below.
From
Robin Mackenzie - Stornoway Historical Society -
23 Jan 2007
more
Tom was born, he said, in Stornoway on 3rd April 1873. But his birth record is to be found in Glasgow, not in Lewis.
Like many young island girls, Barbara McLeod from Point Street had gone south to find employment in domestic service in the city. The 1871 census records her working in Garscube House in Maryhill. In 1873 she gave birth to a son at 11 Oxford Street, Tradeston. No father's name is recorded in the birth register, but 87 years later, on Tom's death certificate in Ontario, his parents are recorded as David and Barbara. The identity of his father is a mystery.
Little Tommy McLeod was taken home to Stornoway to be brought up by his widowed grandmother in rooms above Murdo Macrae, cooper, at the corner of Point Street and Quay Lane. Having no siblings of his own, he regarded his Uncle Angus, just eleven years his senior, as his big brother. Angus got a job as a stable boy and later worked for many years as coachman to Doctor Murdoch Mackenzie. Dr. Mackenzie was the doctor who started the Lewis Hospital, Stornoway in 1896.
The harbour was Tommy's playground and at the age of 13 he went to sea. He celebrated his 14th birthday across he world in Australia. By 1910 he was an experienced seaman. He had travelled the world, seen service in the Boer War, and had now decided to settle for a while in the Southern Hemisphere. Tom, and John Graham from Ness, Isle of Lewis, boarded the Terra Nova in Lyttleton Harbour, looking for work. There was only one position available and Tom got it. This was to be the first of three Antarctic adventures for the Stornoway seaman.
On the return of the ill fated Scott Expedition
in July 1913 Tom, along with his fellow seamen, was presented
with the silver Polar medal by King George V in recognition
of his service to Polar exploration.
In Punta Arenas
Tom was billeted with the McLean family. He showed his appreciation
of their kindness by presenting them with the expedition's
Bible on his departure. He wrote in the front, "To
Mrs McLean from T. F. McLeod Trans. Ant. Expedition 13.9.16".
In 1971 the McLeans' daughter passed the Bible to Commander
Burley of the 1970-71 Joint Services expedition to Elephant
Island who was giving a lecture in Buenos Aires. Burley
forwarded it to the Royal Geographical Society where it
is now held. The missing leaves are in the possession of
the Shackleton family.
Little is known about the details of McLeod's life. He was a lifelong bachelor, in 1923 he emigrated to Canada where initially he was a fisherman off Bell's Island for two years. He was a school caretaker for ten years and then later a night watchman. He lived in Kingston, Ontario. In 1947 he moved again to Rideaucrest eventually passing away in the House of Providence, Montreal Street, Kingston, a retirement home, on the 16th of December 1960.
Though the records are not all in agreement, it seems that McLeod was 91 years old when he died, making him the oldest of the Endurance expeditioners, though not the last to pass away. He is buried Cataraqui Cemetery, Kingston, Canada.
Some of the crew of the Endurance photographed
in Buenos Aries 1917
picture courtesy Robin Mackenzie-
Stornoway Historical Society
"It is amazing that Old Tom is wearing his Polar
Medal because it means that he carried it with him all through
the trauma of the sinking of the Endurance and the
hell of Elephant Island."
Robin Mackenzie - Stornoway
Historical Society
Thomas McLeod's Grave site at Cataraqui Cemetery
in Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
44° 16' 9"N, 76° 32' 29"W
Picture provided by Chris Howitt
References to Thomas McLeod by Orde-Lees in "Elephant Island and Beyond" buy USA buy UK
-
McLeod is an elderly Scotchman, a quaint old character. He was on the Discovery expedition.
-
Food is our only means of exchange and we barter freely with it. For instance, the other day Hurley sold a pair of fur mitts to Macklin for cake of nut-food. McLeod exchanged a cake of nut-food with Blackborow for seven half penguin steaks, payable at the rate of half a steak daily at breakfast time.
-
We remained in our bags all day and did not even go out for our customary hour's exercise. Some of the sailors are very reluctant to go out at times. Old McLeod sticks up in his stuffy bag all day long in the dark, quite contented to be left alone smoking or chewing. The others read a good deal, but he is almost illiterate, I believe.
Other Crew of the Endurance Expedition
Bakewell,
William - Able Seaman
Blackborow,
Percy - Stowaway (later steward)
Cheetham,
Alfred - Third Officer
Clark, Robert S.
- Biologist
Crean, Thomas
- Second Officer
Green, Charles J.
- Cook
Greenstreet,
Lionel - First Officer
Holness, Ernest
- Fireman/stoker
How, Walter E.
- Able Seaman
Hudson, Hubert T.
- Navigator
Hurley, James Francis
(Frank) - Official Photographer
Hussey,
Leonard D. A. - Meteorologist
James,
Reginald W. - Physicist
Kerr, Alexander.
J. - Second Engineer
Macklin,
Dr. Alexander H. - Surgeon
Marston,
George E. - Official Artist
McCarthy, Timothy
- Able Seaman
McIlroy, Dr. James
A. - Surgeon
McLeod, Thomas
- Able Seaman
McNish, Henry
- Carpenter
Orde-Lees, Thomas
- Motor Expert and Storekeeper
Rickinson, Lewis
- First Engineer
Shackleton,
Ernest H. - Expedition Leader
Stephenson,
William - Fireman/stoker
Vincent, John
- Able Seaman
Wild, Frank
- Second in Command
Wordie, James M.
- Geologist
Worsley, Frank
- Captain
Other Crew of the Terra Nova Expedition
Abbot,
George Percy - Petty Officer, R.N. - 1, 2, N
Atkinson, Edward
L. - R.N. - surgeon, parasitologist - 1, 2, D, P, S
Balson,
Albert - Leading seaman, R.N.- 1, 2
Bowers,
Henry Robertson - Lieutenant - 1, 2, D, C,
Po
Browning,
Frank Vernon - Petty Officer - 1, 2, N
Campbell,
Victor - Lieutenant, R.N. - 1, 2, N
Cheetham,
Alfred B. - Boatswain (Bosun), R.N.R.
Cherry-Garrard,
Apsley - Assistant zoologist - 1, 2, D, C, S
Crean,
Tom - petty officer, R.N. - 1, 2, D, P, S
Debenham, Frank
- Geologist - 1, 2, iW, iiW
Dickason,
Harry - Able Seaman - 1, 2, N
Evans, Edgar - petty
officer, R.N. - 1, iW, Po
Evans, Edward R.G.R. - Lieutenant, R.N. "Teddy Evans" -
second in command, and Captain of the Terra Nova - 1, D, P
Girev
(Geroff), Dmitriy - Dog driver - 1, 2, D, P, S
Gran,
Tryggve - ski expert - 1, 2, D, iiW, S
Lashly, William
- chief stoker, R.N. - 1, 2, P, S
Levick,
G. Murray - Surgeon, R.N. - 1, 2, N
Lillie, Dennis Gascoigne - Biologist
on the ship
McLeod, Thomas
F. - Able seaman - 1, 2
Meares, Cecil
H. - in charge of dogs - 1, D, P
Oates, Lawrence
- Capt. 6th Iniskilling Dragoons - 1, D,
Po
Ponting,
Herbert G. - Camera artist - 1
Priestley,
Raymond E. - Geologist - 1, 2, N
Omelchenko,
Anton - Groom - 1
Scott, Robert
Falcon - Commander, R.N. -
Expedition leader - 1, D, Po
Simpson,
George - Meteorologist - 1
Taylor,
T. Griffith - Geologist - 1, iW, iiW
Wilson,
Edward Adrian - chief of scientific staff and biologist - 1, D, C,
Po
Wright,
Charles Seymour - Physicist - 1, 2, iW, P, S
Key:
1 - first winter
2 - second winter
iW - first western party
iiW - second western party
N - northern
party
D - depot laying for south pole journey
P - south pole party
C - winter journey to Cape Crozier
S - search party for south Pole
party
Po - reached
South Pole
Biographical information
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Ernest Shackleton Books and Video
South - Ernest Shackleton and the Endurance Expedition (1919)
original footage - Video
Shackleton
dramatization
Kenneth Branagh (2002) - Video
Shackleton's Antarctic Adventure (2001)
IMAX dramatization - Video
The Endurance - Shackleton's Legendary Expedition (2000)
PBS NOVA, dramatization with original footage - Video
Endurance : Shackleton's Incredible Voyage
Alfred Lansing (Preface) - Book
South with Endurance: Frank Hurley - official photographer
Book
South! Ernest Shackleton Shackleton's own words
Book
Shackleton's Way: Leadership Lessons from the Great Antarctic Explorer
Book